What benefits do per-user PSKs provide compared to ESS-wide PSKs?

Per-user Pre-Shared Keys (PSKs) enhance access control by allowing individualized authentication for each user on the network. This mechanism significantly improves security and management within an Extended Service Set (ESS) by enabling administrators to assign unique keys to each user, allowing for easier revocation, tracking, and auditing of users.

For instance, if a user leaves an organization or no longer requires network access, the admin can simply revoke their specific PSK without affecting the connectivity of other users. This level of granularity supports consistent enforcement of security policies and personalized access management, which is more challenging to achieve with an ESS-wide PSK, where a single key is shared among all users.

In contrast, options highlighting the difficulties of management, the need for additional hardware components, and impacts on network speed do not capture the fundamental security and management advantages that per-user PSKs offer compared to a shared approach.